Title: Students Authors: Chaas Collins, Ashley Stadler, Angela Swarthout Date: March 18, 2008
Ashley Stadler- I believe the script is complete
Chaas Collins- I believe the script is complete Angela Swarthout-I believe the script is complete
Students come from a variety of backgrounds and possess varying abilities. No two learners are exactly the same, each will bring with him or her an array of talents, ways of learning, and characteristics. As future educators, it is our job to reach out to each individual and help them grow and learn. While students come from different cultures and have different values, they also have different learning styles or preferences. “A learning style is a characteristic approach to learning and studying.” (Woolfolk) There are numerous learning styles. Typically, the learning styles are limited down to just three or four. The most common are visual, aural/auditory, and kinesthetic. Visual can be broken down into smaller components; visual, which includes visual mediums other than text, and read/write learning style. This approach to learning styles is referred to as VARK. (Fleming) Visual learners learn best through seeing. Pictures, maps, graphs, color, location, shape, and size are all important in helping a visual learners grasps various concepts. Some suggestions to help visual students learn is to have them take notes or make diagrams. Time lines, note cards, and props may also help to aid visual learners. (Chapman) Read/write learners would benefit from reading assignments, PowerPoint slides, handouts. Some students retain material best if they hear it. These students are considered to be aural/auditory learners. While lectures might bore anyone who does not learn well by listening, it might be the best way to help reach these students. Although no monotone lecture will do. It is important to use a varied tone of voice and to speak clearly. Auditory learners would benefit from group discussions, books on tape, rhymes, and songs. Kinesthetic learners learn best by being hands-on. The students work best when they can actually perform what is being taught. A kinesthetic learner needs to move to think. Building models or making a diagram can greatly help this type of student. (Golubtchik) Two other learning styles less commonly mentioned are social individual and social group. Social individual students learn best when they are allowed to work on their own. Social group learners learn best through group interactions. Learning styles can be determined through a number of surveys and tests. One such test is the Edmonds Learning Style Identification Exercise or ELSIE. ElSIE is a list of fifty random English words and are read one by one to the student. The student then circles a number between 1 and 4 to indicated the response he or she has to the word. The number 1 is circled if the student visualizes the word or activity. Two is if the student sees the word written out. Three is selected if no visualization is made but a sound comes to mind and four correlates to a kinesthetic or emotive reaction. The frequency of times each category occurs is recorded to produce a graph of the students learning style. (Corbett) In association with learning styles some researchers believe there are various types of intelligences that impact the way we learn and relate to the world. In 1983 Dr. Howard Gardner formulated the theory of Multiple Intelligences. His theory suggests that each individual has a different cognitive capacity. (pbs.org) Gardner sees intelligence as “the capacity to solve problems or to fashion products that are valued in one or more cultural settings.” Originally, Dr. Gardner’s theory contacted seven intelligences, but now it is suggested that there is eight or more. Linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, interpersonal, and intrapersonal are the original seven multiple intelligences. (Smith) Naturalist and existential intelligence are now included. (pbs.org) Linguistic learners are considered to be “word smart.” They exhibit an understanding for words and sensitivity to their meanings. Typically, linguistic learners have superior oral and written skills. These learners are story tellers, speakers, and writers. Students with this multiple intelligence would enjoy giving a speech or presentation, writing poetry, or performing in a play. (Thompson) People who work well with numbers or reasoning follow under the logical-mathematical intelligence. Someone with a logical-mathematical intelligence understands numbers and logical concepts well and organizes based on patterns. This intelligence, prior to the MI theory, was considered the archetypal intelligence. This type of learner enjoys problem solving, classification tasks, and controlled experiments. (http://www.ldpride.net/) The ability to compose, perform, and exhibit musical patterns is a mark of someone with musical/rhythmic intelligence. A musical/rhythmic person responds strongly to music and learn best when he or she can link new material with music. (Chapman) Similar to kinesthetic learners, the bodily and kinesthetic intelligence exemplifies a person who enjoys hands-on activities and first hand experiences. Those excel in dance and sports are considered to have this intelligence. (Chapman) The whole body can be used to solve problems. If there is a mental task to be done this person would benefit being able to move around freely. (Smith) Spatial intelligence is the capacity to mentally represent the spatial world. Spatial intelligence is useful for navigation. This type of student benefits from graphic organizers. This intelligence is not limited to any one field and can be useful in both art and science. Interpersonal intelligence is the ability to understand people. This includes the skills of motivation and communication. Students with interpersonal intelligence would relate well with others and would enjoy group projects and activities. While interpersonal intelligence is outward understanding, intrapersonal intelligence is reflection. To have this intelligence means that a student exhibits personal knowledge. He or she knows his or her weaknesses and strengths. The work best alone and enjoy expressing their personal opinions. A consideration and awareness for the natural world is where a student with the naturalist intelligence would excel. This individual is at one with nature and is in tune to it’s balance and order. A student like this would learn best working outside or somewhere he or she may interact with nature. The ninth intelligence is existential intelligence. People with existential intelligence enjoy pondering the deeper questions such as life, death, and reality. Given a choice, this individual would prefer to enter deep philosophical conversations. (pbs.org)
References: 1.Chapman, Carolyn and Lyn Freeman MultipleIntelligences Centersand Projects. Arlington Heights: IL: Skylight Professional Development, 1996. pp. 6-7 2.Corbett, Stephen S. and WM. Flint Smith. Identifying Student Learning Styles: Proceed With Caution.The Modern Language Journal. 1984 pp. 212-221 3.Fleming, Neil. http://www.vark-learn.com (2001-2006) 4.Golubtchik, Benna. Recognizing Learning Styles. http://teachersnetwork.org March 2008 5.Learning Styles. http://www.ldpride.net/ March 2008 6.PBS.Org Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Theory <http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/ed_mi_overview.html> March 2008 7.Smith, M. K. (2002) 'Howard Gardner and multiple intelligences', the encyclopedia of informal education, http://www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm. 8.Thompson, Holly http://hmt.myweb.uga.edu/webwrite/linguistic.htm May 4, 1999 9.Woolfolk, Anita. Educational Psychology. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc. 2007 p.124
Title: Students Authors: Chaas Collins, Ashley Stadler, Angela Swarthout Date: March 18, 2008
Ashley Stadler- I believe the script is complete
Chaas Collins- I believe the script is complete
Angela Swarthout-I believe the script is complete
Students come from a variety of backgrounds and possess varying abilities. No two learners are exactly the same, each will bring with him or her an array of talents, ways of learning, and characteristics. As future educators, it is our job to reach out to each individual and help them grow and learn. While students come from different cultures and have different values, they also have different learning styles or preferences. “A learning style is a characteristic approach to learning and studying.” (Woolfolk) There are numerous learning styles.
Typically, the learning styles are limited down to just three or four. The most common are visual, aural/auditory, and kinesthetic. Visual can be broken down into smaller components; visual, which includes visual mediums other than text, and read/write learning style. This approach to learning styles is referred to as VARK. (Fleming)
Visual learners learn best through seeing. Pictures, maps, graphs, color, location, shape, and size are all important in helping a visual learners grasps various concepts. Some suggestions to help visual students learn is to have them take notes or make diagrams. Time lines, note cards, and props may also help to aid visual learners. (Chapman) Read/write learners would benefit from reading assignments, PowerPoint slides, handouts.
Some students retain material best if they hear it. These students are considered to be aural/auditory learners. While lectures might bore anyone who does not learn well by listening, it might be the best way to help reach these students. Although no monotone lecture will do. It is important to use a varied tone of voice and to speak clearly. Auditory learners would benefit from group discussions, books on tape, rhymes, and songs.
Kinesthetic learners learn best by being hands-on. The students work best when they can actually perform what is being taught. A kinesthetic learner needs to move to think. Building models or making a diagram can greatly help this type of student. (Golubtchik)
Two other learning styles less commonly mentioned are social individual and social group. Social individual students learn best when they are allowed to work on their own. Social group learners learn best through group interactions.
Learning styles can be determined through a number of surveys and tests. One such test is the Edmonds Learning Style Identification Exercise or ELSIE. ElSIE is a list of fifty random English words and are read one by one to the student. The student then circles a number between 1 and 4 to indicated the response he or she has to the word. The number 1 is circled if the student visualizes the word or activity. Two is if the student sees the word written out. Three is selected if no visualization is made but a sound comes to mind and four correlates to a kinesthetic or emotive reaction. The frequency of times each category occurs is recorded to produce a graph of the students learning style. (Corbett)
In association with learning styles some researchers believe there are various types of intelligences that impact the way we learn and relate to the world. In 1983 Dr. Howard Gardner formulated the theory of Multiple Intelligences. His theory suggests that each individual has a different cognitive capacity. (pbs.org) Gardner sees intelligence as “the capacity to solve problems or to fashion products that are valued in one or more cultural settings.” Originally, Dr. Gardner’s theory contacted seven intelligences, but now it is suggested that there is eight or more. Linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, interpersonal, and intrapersonal are the original seven multiple intelligences. (Smith) Naturalist and existential intelligence are now included. (pbs.org)
Linguistic learners are considered to be “word smart.” They exhibit an understanding for words and sensitivity to their meanings. Typically, linguistic learners have superior oral and written skills. These learners are story tellers, speakers, and writers. Students with this multiple intelligence would enjoy giving a speech or presentation, writing poetry, or performing in a play. (Thompson)
People who work well with numbers or reasoning follow under the logical-mathematical intelligence. Someone with a logical-mathematical intelligence understands numbers and logical concepts well and organizes based on patterns. This intelligence, prior to the MI theory, was considered the archetypal intelligence. This type of learner enjoys problem solving, classification tasks, and controlled experiments. (http://www.ldpride.net/)
The ability to compose, perform, and exhibit musical patterns is a mark of someone with musical/rhythmic intelligence. A musical/rhythmic person responds strongly to music and learn best when he or she can link new material with music. (Chapman)
Similar to kinesthetic learners, the bodily and kinesthetic intelligence exemplifies a person who enjoys hands-on activities and first hand experiences. Those excel in dance and sports are considered to have this intelligence. (Chapman) The whole body can be used to solve problems. If there is a mental task to be done this person would benefit being able to move around freely. (Smith)
Spatial intelligence is the capacity to mentally represent the spatial world. Spatial intelligence is useful for navigation. This type of student benefits from graphic organizers. This intelligence is not limited to any one field and can be useful in both art and science.
Interpersonal intelligence is the ability to understand people. This includes the skills of motivation and communication. Students with interpersonal intelligence would relate well with others and would enjoy group projects and activities.
While interpersonal intelligence is outward understanding, intrapersonal intelligence is reflection. To have this intelligence means that a student exhibits personal knowledge. He or she knows his or her weaknesses and strengths. The work best alone and enjoy expressing their personal opinions.
A consideration and awareness for the natural world is where a student with the naturalist intelligence would excel. This individual is at one with nature and is in tune to it’s balance and order. A student like this would learn best working outside or somewhere he or she may interact with nature.
The ninth intelligence is existential intelligence. People with existential intelligence enjoy pondering the deeper questions such as life, death, and reality. Given a choice, this individual would prefer to enter deep philosophical conversations. (pbs.org)
References:
1. Chapman, Carolyn and Lyn Freeman Multiple Intelligences Centers and Projects. Arlington Heights: IL: Skylight Professional Development, 1996. pp. 6-7
2. Corbett, Stephen S. and WM. Flint Smith. Identifying Student Learning Styles: Proceed With Caution. The Modern Language Journal. 1984 pp. 212-221
3. Fleming, Neil. http://www.vark-learn.com (2001-2006)
4. Golubtchik, Benna. Recognizing Learning Styles. http://teachersnetwork.org March 2008
5. Learning Styles. http://www.ldpride.net/ March 2008
6. PBS.Org Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Theory <http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/education/ed_mi_overview.html> March 2008
7. Smith, M. K. (2002) 'Howard Gardner and multiple intelligences', the encyclopedia of informal education, http://www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm.
8. Thompson, Holly http://hmt.myweb.uga.edu/webwrite/linguistic.htm May 4, 1999
9. Woolfolk, Anita. Educational Psychology. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc. 2007 p.124